An examination of reduplication phenomena in Tiv language in Benue State
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Background of the study
Reduplication, the repetition of a syllable or word, is a common morphological process used to convey intensity, plurality, or aspect in many languages. In the Tiv language of Benue State, reduplication plays an essential role in both everyday communication and cultural expression. This study examines the patterns and functions of reduplication in Tiv, exploring how this process affects meaning, grammatical structure, and discourse (Jatau, 2023). Reduplication in Tiv can serve various semantic purposes, ranging from emphasis and intensification to the formation of diminutives and plural forms. Recent research suggests that such morphological phenomena are not only linguistically significant but also culturally embedded, reflecting social attitudes and traditional practices (Ganda, 2024). By employing both descriptive and experimental methodologies, the study analyzes corpus data and elicited speech to document reduplication patterns. It further investigates the relationship between reduplication and language change in Tiv, considering influences from neighboring languages and modern communication technologies (Wambai, 2025). The findings are expected to provide deeper insights into the cognitive and cultural dimensions of reduplication in Tiv, contributing to broader discussions on morphological typology and language evolution in West Africa.
Statement of the problem
Although reduplication is a well-documented phenomenon in Tiv, there is limited detailed research on its specific patterns and functions in Benue State. Preliminary observations indicate that reduplication in Tiv serves multiple semantic roles, yet systematic documentation and analysis remain scarce (Jatau, 2023). This gap hampers our understanding of how reduplication contributes to linguistic creativity and cultural expression. Moreover, the impact of external linguistic influences and modern communication on traditional reduplication patterns is not fully understood (Ganda, 2024). This study seeks to fill these gaps by providing empirical data on the structure and use of reduplication in Tiv, thereby informing both theoretical models and practical applications in language teaching and preservation (Wambai, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
To document the patterns of reduplication in Tiv.
To analyze the semantic and grammatical functions of reduplication.
To assess the influence of external factors on reduplication phenomena.
Research questions:
What are the common reduplication patterns in Tiv?
How does reduplication affect meaning and grammatical structure?
What external influences modify traditional reduplication processes?
Research Hypotheses:
Reduplication in Tiv significantly contributes to semantic emphasis and plurality.
Traditional reduplication patterns are being altered by modern linguistic influences.
Reduplication serves multiple grammatical functions that are culturally specific.
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it deepens our understanding of reduplication in Tiv, offering valuable insights into morphological and cultural dynamics. The findings will support linguists and educators in preserving and promoting traditional language practices in Benue State (Jatau, 2023; Wambai, 2025).
Scope and limitations of the study:
The study is limited to examining reduplication phenomena in the Tiv language in Benue State. It focuses solely on morphological aspects and does not consider broader syntactic or semantic contexts.
Definitions of terms:
Reduplication: The repetition of a syllable or word to modify meaning or function.
Morphological Process: A method by which words are formed and structured in a language.
Tiv: A language spoken in Benue State, Nigeria.
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